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Diabetic Eye Diseases

Mon, 03 Nov 2025 14:17:50 GMT

Understanding Diabetic Eye Diseases; Risk & Prevention

Living with diabetes means keeping a close eye on more than your blood sugar — it means protecting your vision, too. We believe it’s important for our patients to understand how diabetes affects eye health and what steps can be taken to prevent vision loss.

How Diabetes Affects the Eyes

When blood sugar levels stay elevated over time, they can damage the tiny blood vessels in the retina — the light-sensitive tissue at the back of the eye. This damage can lead to a group of conditions known as diabetic eye disease, which includes:

1. Diabetic Retinopathy

The most common form of diabetic eye disease, retinopathy occurs when weakened blood vessels swell, leak fluid or blood into the retina or close completely. This results in bleeding/hemorrhaging in the retina as well as small outpouching of blood vessels, called microaneurysms. In advanced stages, abnormal new blood vessels may grow, increasing the risk of bleeding and scarring that can permanently affect vision.

2. Diabetic Macular Edema (DME)

When fluid leaks into the macula (the central area of the retina responsible for sharp vision), it causes swelling and blurry vision. DME is a leading cause of vision loss in people with diabetic retinopathy.

3. Ischemia and Neovascularization

Patients with diabetic retinopathy can develop poor blood flow in the retina, called ischemia, which can lead to poor vision. This can often cause new blood vessels to develop, which is called neovascularization. Retinal neovascularization can result in large bleeds in the eye and create retinal detachments. Both of these issues can result in significant loss of vision.

4. Cataracts

People with diabetes and uncontrolled blood sugars are more likely to develop cataracts — clouding of the eye’s natural lens — and often at a younger age.

5. Glaucoma

Diabetes can also double the risk of glaucoma, a condition that damages the optic nerve, often without early warning signs which can lead to permanent vision loss. Diabetes can also be a risk factor for other eye diseases such as a central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).

Warning Signs to Watch For
Diabetic eye disease often develops silently, without noticeable symptoms at first. As the condition progresses, you may experience:

Blurry or fluctuating vision
Dark or missing areas in your sight
Colors that appear faded or washed out
Sudden vision loss in one eye

If you experience any of these changes, it’s important to schedule an eye exam right away.

Prevention and Protection

Most diabetes-related vision loss is preventable with early detection and proper management. Protect your vision by following these key steps:

Get a yearly dilated eye exam. Early detection is the best defense against vision loss.
Keep blood sugar, blood pressure, and cholesterol under control. Consistent management slows or prevents diabetic eye disease.
Don’t ignore vision changes. Report even minor vision fluctuations promptly.
Adopt healthy habits. Eat a balanced diet, exercise regularly, and avoid smoking — all of which support long-term eye health.

The Role of Regular Eye Exams

A comprehensive, dilated eye exam allows your doctor to see inside the eye and detect diabetic changes before they cause symptoms. Early treatment — whether through laser treatments or injections of medication in to the eye — can often help to reverse the damage done by diabetic retinopathy, and therefore, preserve and protect your vision.

Take Charge of Your Eye Health

At Talley Eye Institute, our experienced retina team provides specialized care for patients with diabetes. We work closely with your primary care physician, optometrist or endocrinologist to monitor your eye health and catch changes early.

When You're Not a LASIK Candidate: Alternative Refractive Procedures

Tue, 16 Sep 2025 13:13:50 GMT

Vision Correction Options When You're Not a LASIK Candidate

LASIK has become a household name in vision correction, and for good reason—it’s quick, effective, and can dramatically reduce or eliminate the need for glasses or contacts. It’s one of the most widely studied, safe and effective procedures for treating most nearsighted, farsighted and astigmatic prescriptions. But LASIK isn’t right for everyone. Whether due to thin corneas, dry eye, age, or a significantly high prescription, some patients don’t qualify for the procedure—or prefer a different route.

If LASIK isn’t an option for you, don’t worry. There are several safe and effective alternatives that can help you achieve clearer vision. Here’s a look at some of the most popular choices and the pros and cons of each.

PRK (Photorefractive Keratectomy)

Patients with thinner corneas or those at higher risk of eye trauma (i.e. military, police, professional athletes) are often recommended to have PRK instead of LASIK following a thorough evaluation. PRK was actually the first type of laser vision correction and is still widely performed today. Unlike LASIK, PRK doesn’t involve creating a corneal flap. Instead, the outer layer of the cornea is removed, and a laser reshapes the surface beneath. It is essentially the LASIK procedure without the corneal flap. Visual outcomes are expected to be the same as LASIK but recovery takes a bit longer and is a little more uncomfortable for the first few days.

Pros:

No corneal flap
Great for active lifestyles or contact sports
Same end result/visual outcome as LASIK

Cons:

Longer healing time than LASIK
Temporary discomfort for a few days after surgery

Talley Eye Institute LASIK surgeon, Dr. Joey Carr had PRK in 2019. “I chose to have laser vision correction on my own eyes in 2019 after growing tired of glasses and contacts. The best option for me was PRK—though it requires a longer healing period and greater commitment, it offers the same excellent visual outcomes as LASIK. PRK is often a great option for patients whose corneas are too thin for LASIK.”

Refractive Lens Exchange (RLE)

Refractive Lens Exchange is a great option for those patients over 40 who don’t yet have cataracts but are experiencing presbyopia (age-related loss of near vision) and are frustrated with needing glasses or contacts. RLE involves replacing the eye’s natural lens with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL), similar to cataract surgery. Learn more about what's involved with an RLE in this blog post.

Pros:

Can correct both near, intermediate, and distance vision
Prevents cataracts later in life

Cons:

More invasive than LASIK
Higher cost
Longer recovery time than LASIK

If you’ve been told you’re not a candidate for LASIK, it doesn’t mean you’re without options. Today’s vision correction options are more diverse and personalized than ever. It’s best to have a detailed discussion about the risks, benefits and costs associated with the procedures recommended to you by a qualified and experienced surgeon. Our surgeons at Talley Eye Institute ensure you have a thorough diagnostic workup to not only rule out potential risks or contraindications, but to make a personalized recommendation for your best visual outcome. Schedule your FREE consultation today!

A Clear Alternative; Vision Correction for the Middle-Age Eye

Tue, 13 May 2025 14:26:45 GMT

Vision Correction Options for the presbyopic eye; Refractive Lens Exchange

Refractive lens exchange (RLE) is a vision correction surgery that has gained significant attention over the years as an effective solution for those looking to improve their eyesight but for those who may not reap the full benefits of LASIK due to the onset of presbyopia (the natural aging of the lens of the eye that reduces the ability to read up close without reading glasses or bifocals). This blog will explore the advantages of refractive lens exchange and why it may be the ideal choice for presbyopic patients seeking a long-term solution for vision correction.

What is Refractive Lens Exchange?

Refractive lens exchange, also known as lens replacement surgery or clear lens exchange, is a procedure in which the natural lens of the eye is replaced with an artificial intraocular lens (IOL). This procedure is similar to cataract surgery but is performed on individuals who do not have cataracts, specifically those looking to correct refractive errors like nearsightedness ( myopia ), farsightedness ( hyperopia ), and presbyopia (age-related difficulty focusing on close objects).

The IOLs used in RLE are designed to correct these refractive errors, often eliminating or reducing the need for glasses or contact lenses.

Benefits of Refractive Lens Exchange

1. Long-Term Vision Improvement

RLE offers a permanent solution to vision problems, whereas LASIK provides a solution for refractive errors solely found in the cornea and will not correct lens-based vision changes like presbyopia or cataracts. RLE replaces the natural lens of the eye with a synthetic one. This means that the improvements in your vision are long-lasting, and the risk of developing cataracts in the future is eliminated since the lens is replaced entirely.

2. Correction of Multiple Vision Issues

RLE can correct multiple vision problems at once, including myopia , hyperopia , astigmatism , and presbyopia . With the right type of intraocular lens, patients can achieve clear vision at multiple distances, even without the need for reading glasses in some cases. This offers a unique advantage for those patients who have already entered or are near the age of presbyopia and wondering about longer-lasting, comprehensive vision correction options.

3. No Cataracts

For individuals who are over the age of 50 and starting to experience the early stages of cataracts, RLE can provide a two-in-one benefit. Not only does it address refractive errors, but it also prevents the need for cataract surgery later on. By replacing the natural lens with an IOL early on, patients are essentially avoiding the need for cataract surgery in the future, offering both preventive and corrective advantages.

4. Reduced Dependence on Glasses and Contacts

One of the most appealing aspects of refractive lens exchange is the potential to drastically reduce or even eliminate your reliance on glasses or contact lenses. Many patients who undergo RLE report being able to enjoy clear, unaided vision, even at various distances. Whether it’s reading a book, driving at night, or enjoying outdoor activities, RLE offers a significant improvement in lifestyle by providing freedom from corrective eyewear.

5. Advanced Technology for Customized Outcomes

By providing clearer vision and the opportunity to live without the hassle of glasses or contacts, RLE can significantly enhance a person’s quality of life. Imagine waking up and being able to see clearly right away, without needing to fumble for your glasses or deal with the irritation of contact lenses. Additionally, with the option for multifocal or extended-depth of focus IOLs, individuals can experience improved vision for both near, intermediate and distant tasks, reducing the need for grabbing a pair of glasses or readers throughout the day.

6. Minimal Downtime and Quick Recovery

The RLE procedure is minimally invasive and performed on an outpatient basis. The recovery time is relatively short, with most patients experiencing noticeable improvements in their vision within a few days to a week. Follow-up appointments are required to monitor healing and ensure optimal results, but many people can resume normal activities shortly after surgery.

7. Safety and Precision

With years of refinement, RLE is considered a safe and highly effective procedure. It carries very low risks, especially when performed by an experienced surgeon. Thanks to modern technology, the procedure is precise and can be tailored to an individual’s specific eye structure, ensuring the best possible outcome.

Who is a Good Candidate for Refractive Lens Exchange?

Refractive lens exchange is an excellent option for patients over 40 who are experiencing presbyopia (the gradual loss of the ability to focus on close objects) or for those approaching presbyopia who may not be a good candidate for LASIK for other reasons. If you’re considering RLE, your surgeon will evaluate your overall eye health and vision needs to determine if you’re a suitable candidate.

Risks and dangers of natural eye “remedies” and TikTok trends

Thu, 01 May 2025 16:36:37 GMT

Safe or Scary? A look at viral trends and natural "remedies"

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Weight Loss Injections; are they safe for your eyes?

Tue, 18 Feb 2025 15:06:28 GMT

Assessing potential eye health risk from GLP-1 medications

The Potential Risks of GLP-1 Agonists and Semaglutide to Eye Health

In recent years, GLP-1 agonists, such as semaglutide (commonly marketed under names like Ozempic and Wegovy), have gained widespread popularity for their ability to help with weight loss and manage type 2 diabetes. These drugs are designed to mimic the effects of the natural hormone GLP-1, which plays a role in insulin secretion, appetite regulation, and glucose metabolism. While these medications have shown promising results in helping patients control blood sugar and shed excess weight, there is an emerging concern about their potential impact on eye health.

What Are GLP-1 Agonists?

GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) agonists are a class of medications that include semaglutide, liraglutide, exenatide, and others. They work by enhancing insulin secretion in response to meals, slowing stomach emptying, reducing blood sugar, and helping patients feel fuller, longer. This helps make them effective tools in the management of type 2 diabetes and obesity. In particular, semaglutide has garnered significant attention for its potent weight-loss effects, often used off-label for obesity management, and its diabetes control benefits.

Potential Eye Health Risks

While GLP-1 agonists have been heralded as life-changing for some individuals, recent studies and case reports suggest a connection between these drugs and certain eye health complications, particularly diabetic retinopathy and other forms of vision impairment. Here’s a breakdown of the potential risks:

1. Exacerbation of Diabetic Retinopathy :

Diabetic retinopathy is one of the leading causes of blindness in adults with diabetes. It occurs when high blood sugar levels cause damage to the blood vessels in the retina. GLP-1 agonists, particularly semaglutide, have been linked to an increased risk of worsening diabetic retinopathy. Rapid changes in blood glucose levels, especially if a person has uncontrolled blood sugar or a history of poor blood sugar management, can exacerbate the condition.

The relationship between semaglutide and diabetic retinopathy is not fully understood, but some studies suggest that a rapid reduction in blood glucose levels may lead to an increased risk of retinal complications. Patients with existing diabetic retinopathy or other retinal conditions should be monitored closely when starting GLP-1 agonists.

2. Macular Edema :

Another potential concern is the development of macular edema, a condition where fluid accumulates in the macula of the eye, leading to blurred or distorted vision. Although rare, some reports have indicated that GLP-1 agonists, including semaglutide, could increase the risk of macular edema in people with diabetes. Like diabetic retinopathy, macular edema can be exacerbated by rapid changes in blood sugar levels.

3. Risk of Dry Eye Syndrome :

GLP-1 medications, including semaglutide, can lead to changes in the body’s immune system and fluid balance. This is particularly concerning for individuals who already suffer from dry eye or other ocular surface conditions.

Understanding the Risks

While the risks to eye health associated with semaglutide and other GLP-1 medications are concerning, it’s important to keep in mind that they are relatively rare and typically affect individuals who are already at risk for diabetic eye diseases. That said, patients should be aware of the potential dangers, especially those with existing eye conditions, and engage in proactive monitoring with their healthcare provider.

How to Mitigate Risks

1. Regular Eye Exams : Anyone taking semaglutide or other GLP-1 agonists should have regular eye exams to monitor for any signs of diabetic retinopathy, macular edema, or other potential complications. This is especially important for individuals with diabetes who have had difficulty managing their blood sugar levels in the past.

2. Gradual Blood Sugar Control : If you are starting a GLP-1 agonist like semaglutide, it’s essential to work with your healthcare provider to ensure gradual, steady control of blood sugar. Rapid changes in glucose levels can increase the risk of eye health complications, so managing the drug’s dosage and timing it carefully can help reduce this risk.

3. Monitor Symptoms : Patients taking semaglutide should be vigilant for any changes in their vision, such as blurred vision, sudden vision loss, or eye discomfort. If any of these symptoms occur, it’s important to consult a healthcare provider promptly.

4. Disclose Pre-existing Conditions : Before starting semaglutide or another GLP-1 agonist, make sure to inform your doctor about any preexisting eye conditions or family history of eye diseases. This will help the healthcare team make an informed decision about whether the medication is suitable for you and how to monitor your eye health during treatment. Always provide your eye doctor with a complete list of medications so you can discuss any potential risks or additional testing that may be recommended.

Final Thoughts

GLP-1 agonists, including semaglutide, are powerful drugs that have proven effective in managing type 2 diabetes and promoting weight loss. However, like all medications, they carry potential risks, particularly for eye health. And because these drugs are relatively new to the market, more research is needed to further understand long-term effects on other health outcomes.

Patients using these drugs should be aware of the possible connection to diabetic retinopathy, macular edema, and other eye-related complications. By staying informed, regularly monitoring eye health, and working closely with a healthcare provider, the risks can be managed, ensuring that the benefits of these drugs outweigh the potential drawbacks.

At Talley Eye Institute, we are committed to participating in valuable research initiatives to remain an innovative leader in the management and treatment of ocular disease and to advance the medical community’s understanding and development of vision-preserving treatments. We are currently partnered with Deaconess Healthcare for a clinical study to look at the effects of GLP-1 Agonists (both retratrutide and semaglutide) on diabetic retinopathy, called the TRANSCEND-T2D-2 study.

As always, it’s essential to have open discussions with your healthcare provider about the risks and benefits of any medication, especially when managing chronic health or eye conditions.

Nutrition for Eye Health

Wed, 22 Jan 2025 15:18:31 GMT

Foods and supplements that support eye health, eating for your eyes!

Foods and Supplements to Support Eye Health

While no food or supplement can replace medical treatments, certain nutrients and dietary choices can support eye health and may help slow the progression of some eye conditions. Here’s a look at what you should include (or reduce/eliminate) in your diet to help protect your vision and improve your overall health. As always, consult your healthcare provider, especially if you’re currently managing other health conditions.

Key Nutrients for Eye Health

1. Lutein- Found in high concentrations in the macula, these carotenoids help filter harmful blue light and combat oxidative stress.

• Sources : Spinach, kale, collard greens, broccoli, and egg yolks.

2. Omega-3 Fatty Acids- Omega-3s reduce inflammation and support the health of retinal cells, which is crucial for managing both glaucoma and macular degeneration.

• Sources : Fatty fish like salmon, mackerel, and sardines; flaxseeds; chia seeds; and walnuts. Supplement capsules are a more concentrated source of omega-3s.

3. Vitamin C- This powerful antioxidant protects the eyes from free radical damage and may reduce the risk of macular degeneration.

• Sources : Oranges, strawberries, bell peppers, kiwi, and guava.

4. Vitamin E- Vitamin E protects the eyes’ cells from oxidative stress, which can contribute to age-related eye conditions.

• Sources : Almonds, sunflower seeds, hazelnuts, and spinach. If using a supplement, look for natural Vitamin E (d-alpha-tocopherol) for better absorption.

5. Zinc- Zinc plays a crucial role in transporting vitamin A from the liver to the retina, where it produces melanin, a protective pigment in the eye.

• Sources : Oysters, beef, crab, pumpkin seeds, and fortified cereals.

6. Vitamin A and Beta-Carotene- Essential for maintaining a healthy retina and preventing night blindness.

• Sources : Carrots, sweet potatoes, butternut squash, and cantaloupe.

7. Anthocyanins- These powerful antioxidants improve blood flow to the eyes and reduce oxidative stress.

• Sources : Blueberries, blackberries, bilberries, and red grapes.

8. CoQ10- CoQ10 supports mitochondrial function, which is vital for the health of the optic nerve in glaucoma patients.

• Sources : Fatty fish, organ meats, and supplements.

9. Ginkgo Biloba- Ginkgo biloba improves blood circulation to the eyes, which can benefit glaucoma management.

• Supplement : Available in capsule or tablet form; consult your doctor before use.

10. Alpha-Lipoic Acid- This antioxidant supports eye health by neutralizing free radicals and regenerating other antioxidants like vitamin C and E.

• Sources : Spinach, broccoli, and supplements.

Foods to Embrace

Incorporate a variety of the following foods into your diet to optimize health benefits:

• Leafy Greens : Spinach, kale, and Swiss chard are rich in lutein.

• Colorful Vegetables : Carrots, sweet potatoes, and bell peppers are loaded with beta-carotene and vitamin C.

• Fruits : Citrus fruits, berries, and grapes provide antioxidants and vitamin C.

• Nuts and Seeds : Almonds, walnuts, chia seeds, and sunflower seeds supply vitamin E and omega-3s.

• Fatty fish: Salmon, mackerel, herring, sardines, anchovies and tuna are rich in omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids. Wild caught is best.

• Whole Grains : Brown rice, quinoa, and oats are good sources of zinc and other trace minerals.

Foods to Avoid

Certain foods can exacerbate oxidative stress or inflammation, it’s best to limit or reduce the amount consumed. Examples of foods to limit or reduce would include:

• Refined Sugars and Carbohydrates : High-glycemic foods can contribute to inflammation.

• Processed Foods : These are often high in unhealthy fats and low in beneficial nutrients.

• Excessive Sodium : High salt intake can increase blood pressure, which may negatively affect eye health.

Tips for Maximizing Nutrient Absorption

• Pair fat-soluble vitamins (A, D, E, and K) with healthy fats for better absorption (for example, a salad with olive oil). Pairing certain vitamins and minerals together also helps with better absorption (for example, Vitamin C with Zinc, Magnesium with Vitamin D).

• Steam vegetables like spinach and kale to enhance the bioavailability of lutein.

• Consider supplements for omega-3s, zinc, and lutein if dietary sources are limited.

Lifestyle Habits for Better Eye Health

In addition to a nutrient-rich diet, adopting these habits can further protect your eyes:

• Regular Exercise : Improves blood circulation and reduces pressure in the eyes. Always consult your healthcare provider before beginning a new workout regimen.

• Quit Smoking : Smoking increases oxidative stress and the risk of eye diseases.

• Wear Sunglasses : Protect your eyes from harmful UV rays.

• Routine Eye Exams : Early detection is key to managing glaucoma, macular degeneration, and other eye diseases.

Understanding Dry Eye Syndrome

Fri, 05 Jul 2024 14:48:38 GMT

Causes, Symptoms and Treatment Options

Dry eye syndrome, also known as Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca, is a common condition that occurs when your eyes don't produce enough tears or when the tears evaporate too quickly. This can lead to inflammation and damage to the surface of the eye, causing discomfort and vision problems.

Causes of Dry Eye Syndrome

Dry eye syndrome can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

1. Aging: As we age, tear production tends to decrease. This is especially common in postmenopausal women.

2. Medications: Certain medications, such as antihistamines, decongestants, blood pressure medications, and antidepressants, can reduce tear production.

3. Medical Conditions: Conditions such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and thyroid disorders can contribute to dry eyes. Additionally, Meibomian Gland Dysfunction is the most common cause for dry eye.

4. Environmental Factors: Exposure to smoke, wind, and dry climates can increase tear evaporation.

5. Screen Time: Prolonged use of computers, smartphones, and other digital devices can reduce blinking frequency, leading to dry eyes.

6. Contact Lenses: Wearing contact lenses for extended periods can disrupt tear film and cause dryness.

Symptoms of Dry Eye Syndrome

The symptoms of dry eye syndrome can vary from person to person but commonly include:

- A stinging, burning, or scratchy sensation in the eyes
- Sensitivity to light
- Redness of the eyes
- A feeling of having something in your eyes (foreign body sensation)
- Difficulty wearing contact lenses
- Difficulty with nighttime driving
- Watery eyes, which is the body's response to the irritation of dry eyes
- Blurred vision or eye fatigue

Diagnosing Dry Eye Syndrome

If you suspect you have dry eye syndrome, it's important to see your eye doctor. They can perform a comprehensive eye exam and use various tests and even special imaging to evaluate tear production, gland function, and ocular surface health.

Treatment Options

Treatment for dry eye syndrome aims to restore a sufficient and stable tear film to relieve symptoms and prevent damage to the eye surface. Treatment options include:

1. Artificial Tears: Over-the-counter eye drops can provide temporary relief by lubricating the eyes. Many different forms of artificial tears exist, in various viscosities and formulas. It is important to avoid any drops marketed to relieve redness, these do not function in the same capacity as artificial tears.

2. Prescription Medications: Anti-inflammatory drugs like cyclosporine (Restasis) or lifitegrast (Xiidra) can increase tear production and reduce inflammation. There are some newer prescription drugs which also include nasal sprays like Tyrvaya (varenicline solution).

3. Punctal Plugs: These tiny devices can be inserted into the tear ducts to reduce tear drainage and keep the eyes moist.

4. Lifestyle Changes: Taking breaks during screen time, using a humidifier, and avoiding smoky or windy environments can help manage symptoms.

5. Nutritional Supplements: Omega-3 fatty acids found in fish oil can improve tear quality.

6. Warm Compresses and Eyelid Hygiene: Regularly applying warm compresses and cleaning the eyelids can help with Meibomian Gland Dysfunction.

7. Lid & Tear Revitalization treatments: A specialized, in-office treatment that uses warmth and gentle massage to release blocked Meibomian glands.

Preventing Dry Eye Syndrome

While some risk factors for dry eye syndrome, such as aging and medical conditions can't be avoided, you can take steps to reduce your risk:

- Blink regularly, especially when using digital devices. Practice the 20-20-20 rule; every 20 minutes look up from focused work 20 feet across the room for 20 seconds.
- Maintain a comfortable humidity level in your home and workplace.
- Wear sunglasses to protect your eyes from wind and sun.
- Stay hydrated by drinking plenty of water.
-Remove contacts regularly and never sleep in contacts.
- Use eye protection when swimming to avoid chlorinated water.

Dry eye syndrome is a prevalent and often uncomfortable condition, but with proper management and treatment, its symptoms can be significantly alleviated. If you experience persistent eye discomfort, consult with your eye doctor to explore the best treatment options for you. Taking proactive steps to protect your eyes and maintain their health can make a big difference in your overall quality of life.

Viewing a Solar Eclipse Safely

Mon, 04 Mar 2024 15:23:46 GMT

Tips for keeping your eyes safe while viewing a solar eclipse

Protecting Your Eyes During a Solar Eclipse

There are few things more awe-inspiring than a solar eclipse. On Monday, April 8, 2024 our region will be in the path of totality, which means you can witness a total solar eclipse. Flocks of people will be outdoors to witness the event, however, it's crucial to remember the importance of protecting your vision when observing this phenomenon.

Solar eclipses pose a significant risk to eye health if proper precautions aren't taken. The intense brightness of the sun, even when partially obscured by the moon, can cause serious and permanent damage to the eyes. Here's why eye protection is essential during a solar eclipse:

Understanding the Risks:

The sun emits harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which can cause damage to the delicate tissues of the eyes. During a solar eclipse, the natural inclination is to look directly at the sun. However, doing so without adequate protection can result in solar retinopathy, a condition where the light-sensitive cells in the retina are damaged, leading to vision impairment or even blindness. Someone who experiences solar retinopathy may not feel pain associated with the condition, as the retina does not have any pain nerves. However, symptoms of the condition may include: blurry vision, headache, a blind spot in your central vision, sensitivity to light, distorted or wavy vision, changes in color vision (called dyschromatopsia).

It's also important to note that there is no treatment for solar retinopathy. For some, the issue resolves within months. For others, there can be permanent damage to their vision.

Choosing the Right Eye Protection:

When viewing a solar eclipse, it's critical to use proper eye protection to prevent eye damage. Regular sunglasses are not sufficient, as they do not block enough of the sun's harmful rays. Instead, opt for specially designed solar eclipse glasses or handheld solar viewers that meet the ISO 12312-2 safety standard. These glasses are equipped with solar filters that block out the majority of UV and infrared radiation, allowing you to safely observe the eclipse. Be sure to get your solar eclipse glasses from a reputable source and verify that they are truly compliant with safety standards.

Inspecting Your Solar Eye Protection

Once you have found a trusted source for your solar eclipse glasses, here are a few safety tips:

Inspect your solar filter for scratches, holes, punctures or other damage
Always supervise any children who are using solar filters/glasses
Cover your eyes with the solar glasses before you look up at the sun, then keep glasses covering your eyes, look down at the ground before removing the glasses from your eyes
Do not look at the eclipse through a camera, phone, binoculars, or any other device.
Do not attempt to clean your (disposable) eclipse glasses as this may damage them. If they are hard, plastic glasses, these often come with specific microfiber towels to clean lenses. Do not spray water, cleaner, or solvents on lenses as this may damage them.

Warnings on DIY Eclipse Viewing Tools:

While homemade may seem like good alternatives, they do not provide adequate protection against the sun's harmful rays. In fact, using improvised tools and methods can increase the risk of eye damage. This is why it’s imperative to use certified eye protection from reputable sources.

Understanding Glaucoma

Thu, 11 Jan 2024 15:27:18 GMT

Understanding Glaucoma: Shedding Light on Vision Loss

Vision is one of our most precious senses, yet conditions like glaucoma pose a significant threat to it. January is Glaucoma Awareness Month—a time dedicated to educating individuals on the disease.

What is Glaucoma?

Glaucoma refers to a group of eye diseases that damage the optic nerve, usually due to increased pressure within the eye. It often develops slowly and without noticeable symptoms in its early stages, earning it the nickname "the silent thief of sight." If left untreated, glaucoma can result in irreversible vision loss and even blindness.

Types of Glaucoma

There are several types of glaucoma, but the two primary categories are open-angle and angle-closure glaucoma. Open-angle glaucoma, the most common type, develops gradually and is often painless. Angle-closure glaucoma, on the other hand, occurs suddenly and requires immediate medical attention due to its rapid progression.

Risk Factors

While anyone can develop glaucoma, certain factors may increase the risk:

1. Age: Individuals over 60 are at higher risk.
2. Family History: Genetics play a role in some types of glaucoma.
3. Medical Conditions: Diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease may elevate the risk.
4. Eye Conditions: Severe nearsightedness, eye injuries, and thin corneas may increase risk.

Symptoms and Diagnosis

Early glaucoma typically doesn't exhibit noticeable symptoms, making regular eye exams crucial for early detection. As the condition progresses, symptoms may include peripheral vision loss, tunnel vision, eye pain, blurred vision, and seeing halos around lights.

Diagnosis often involves comprehensive eye exams that measure intraocular pressure, examine the optic nerve, assess peripheral vision (visual field tests), and sometimes utilize imaging tests like OCTs (Optical coherence tomography).

Treatment and Management

Although there's no cure for glaucoma, early detection and treatment can help slow its progression and prevent further vision loss. Treatment options include prescription eye drops, oral medications, laser therapy, and surgical procedures. The surgeons at Talley Eye Institute utilize a range of glaucoma treatments, to include the latest in minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) and treatment technologies. Learn more about glaucoma and treatment options here: https://www.talleyeyeinstitute.com/glaucoma

Education about glaucoma is crucial in preventing vision loss. Regular eye check-ups, especially for individuals over 40 or those with risk factors, can aid in early detection.

Understanding Keratoconus

Fri, 10 Nov 2023 13:12:33 GMT

Understanding keratoconus and the need for early detection and treatment

Our eyes are remarkable organs, allowing us to experience the world in all its beauty and intricacy. However, many people suffer from eye conditions that can significantly affect their vision and overall quality of life. Keratoconus is one such condition that demands our attention and understanding. In this blog post, we will explore the significance of keratoconus, its impact on individuals, and the need for early detection and treatment.

What is Keratoconus?

Keratoconus is a progressive eye disorder that affects the cornea, the clear, front surface of the eye. Normally, the cornea maintains a round shape, but in individuals with keratoconus, it becomes thin and bulges outward into a cone-like shape. This abnormal corneal shape causes distorted vision and various other visual problems.

The Importance of Understanding Keratoconus

1. Vision Impairment:

Keratoconus can lead to severe vision impairment. Individuals with this condition often experience blurred or distorted vision, double vision, sensitivity to light, and difficulty seeing at night. In advanced cases, the cornea may become scarred, making vision even worse. If unstable and left untreated, keratoconus can even lead to blindness.

2. Impact on Quality of Life:

The visual disturbances caused by keratoconus can significantly impact a person's quality of life. It may hinder daily activities, such as reading, driving, or other routine and essential tasks.

3. Onset in Young Adults:

Keratoconus typically begins in adolescence or early adulthood, which means it affects individuals during their most active and formative years. Understanding and managing this condition is critical as progression of the disease statistically progresses much faster in younger patients more so than adults.

4. Early Detection and Treatment:

Early detection of keratoconus is vital. If diagnosed in its early stages, various treatment options are available, such as rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lenses, corneal crosslinking, and, in some cases, corneal transplant.

5. Raising Awareness:

Despite its significance, many people are not aware of keratoconus. Increasing awareness about this condition is essential to ensure timely diagnosis and management.

Keratoconus is an eye condition that demands our attention and awareness. Its impact on the lives of those affected is profound, and early detection and treatment can make a world of difference. If you or someone you know is experiencing symptoms like distorted vision, it's crucial to have yearly, comprehensive eye exams.

Our corneal specialist, Dr. Dwight Silvera, has been diagnosing and treating individuals with keratoconus for many years. He began his career in Canada where corneal crosslinking was approved for treatment of keratoconus long before it was approved here in the United States. Dr. Silvera now performs these FDA-approved corneal crosslinking procedures at our very own surgery center on the campus of Talley Eye Institute as an outpatient procedure. If you or your loved one has been diagnosed with keratoconus, ask your eye doctor about a referral to Talley Eye Institute to discuss what treatment options are right for you. Together, we can make a difference in the lives of those living with keratoconus.

Can I get cataracts TWICE??

sgeorges@TalleyEyeInstitute.com (Stephanie Georges) — Thu, 23 Jun 2022 15:05:24 GMT

Can I get cataracts TWICE?? Understanding posterior capsular opacity, or "secondary cataracts"

Yes and no, let’s discuss. With cataract surgery, the cloudy, hardened lens is extracted and a new, artificial lens is implanted. After cataract surgery it’s not uncommon to develop a new problem with the same symptoms as cataracts. Often called a “secondary cataract”, posterior capsule opacity (PCO) occurs when scar, or haze develops on the capsular bag (what’s holding your new lens). There is no way to predict who may be affected by PCO, but there are some risk factors that can contribute, including: age at the time of cataract surgery, previous retinal or glaucoma surgery, or a rare eye condition called uveitis. There is no way to prevent PCO but the good news is that treatment is much easier than your initial cataract surgery.

Posterior capsular opacity is treated via an outpatient laser procedure called a YAG Capsulotomy which is done at a slit lamp (similar to having an eye exam). The procedure does not require anesthesia, only some topical numbing drops. A few quick pulses from a laser breaks up the scar tissue and your vision should improve within a day or two. This procedure is also covered by insurance, much like your cataract surgery. More good news, your eye won't develop PCO more than once.

If you develop symptoms after cataract surgery such as cloudy vision, increased glare/halos, or reduced color contrast you should contact your optometrist to be evaluated for PCO.

When shopping for LASIK providers it's not an apples to apples comparison

sgeorges@TalleyEyeInstitute.com (Stephanie Georges) — Thu, 03 Mar 2022 14:51:09 GMT

Understanding the right questions to ask when considering LASIK

Considering LASIK? Do your research, we’ll help.

If you’re considering LASIK, chances are you’ve already done some research or at very least asked your family and friends for recommendations. Our providers at Talley Eye Institute encourage research but have some guidance to offer when evaluating laser vision correction providers, it’s not an apples to apples comparison.

Call for information, dig into websites

Once you’ve narrowed down your search, make some calls and delve into websites for information on both the surgeon and technology used. Is the surgeon board certified, fellowship-trained? How many procedures have they done? What type of technology does the surgeon use, is it all-laser, and how old is their equipment?

When you are reaching out to providers to learn more or ask questions, be sure the person on the other end of the phone handles you with courtesy, respect, and provides you with quality information that helps guide you in your decision-making process.

Discuss with your trusted optometrist

If you have an optometrist, you’ve likely built a relationship with them and they know your eyes well enough to have a general idea on your candidacy for LASIK. Most optometrists also have a good idea of the best surgeons in town to refer to. Once you get a recommendation, you can begin your own research for the best provider for your eyes.

Consider the source

When evaluating online reviews and recommendations, equally as important is considering, what or whom is the source? While reviews and ratings certainly hold value, not all are created equal and not all are honest or unbiased. Make sure your source is legitimate, trustworthy, and factual. Consider getting recommendations from a few different sources.

Discounts don’t always equal quality

Practices that offer coupons or exceptionally low prices often don’t provide patients with all the information. Some LASIK centers don’t disclose that the rate they quote doesn’t include hidden fees for particular prescription treatments, additional appointments and/or enhancement treatments. Also, if their price seems too good to be true, it’s worth some additional scrutiny and research to evaluate why. After all, would you really want a “clearance price” surgeon? There are many times in life you look for deals, eye surgery shouldn’t be one of them. While obviously important, price shouldn’t be the only factor in the equation. Often times, centers with higher prices offer a more comprehensive package. Transparency from your provider is of utmost importance, you want a provider with integrity who will not only disclose all fees, but one who is not afraid to discuss all of the fees in detail.

Discount providers may simply value volume over patient experience, technology, and training. Bottom line, don’t cut corners when it comes to your vision! LASIK is an investment; look for quality and expertise over discounts and deals.

Technology + experience

Technology is important, but equally important is the operator of the technology. While the latest technology is certainly impressive, you also want the “driver behind the wheel” to be experienced and well-trained. As previously discussed, here are a few good questions to ask:
What type of training has the surgeon had? Do they have fellowship credentials? How many procedures have they performed? Are they experienced in what warning signs to look for to rule out someone for LASIK? Are they experienced and comfortable in handling all prescription types?

Consultation process

A complete and thorough examination of the eyes is critical prior to undergoing LASIK to ensure the overall eye is healthy and fit for refractive surgery. Diagnostic testing in the way of corneal mapping/topography and other specialized testing and scans help identify any underlying pathology that could preclude someone from surgery. You don’t want a surgeon who ignores anything that could be a contraindication for LASIK just to make a buck. Make sure your surgeon has your best interests at heart and does thorough testing with state-of-the-art equipment.

Overall transparency

Not all patients are refractive surgery candidates and it takes a qualified, experienced surgeon and advanced diagnostics to determine this. If you’ve been told by one doctor you’re a candidate and by another that you’re not, again…it’s best to consider your sources and which physician has your best interests at heart. It’s also important to remember the fact that no surgeon should ever overpromise when it comes to results. You want a surgeon who is open and honest about risk versus benefit to any procedure along with a good explanation of why a certain treatment recommendation has been made.

During your consultation, you should be given plenty of opportunities to ask questions and have your questions answered to your satisfaction. Don’t be afraid to ask hard questions!

About Talley Eye Institute

At Talley Eye Institute, we strive to provide our patients with the very best in compassionate patient care, technology, and expertise. Dr. Dwight Silvera is a fellowship trained LASIK surgeon through the renowned University of Iowa (top 5 Ophthalmology institutes in the nation) and has performed over 18,000 refractive procedures. We employ the very latest in all-laser LASIK using Intralase and wavefront-optimized technology. Dr. Silvera himself sits down with each and every LASIK patient during their consultation to review all testing, measurements, treatment recommendations and ensuring your peace of mind by answering all questions to your satisfaction. Our consultations are complimentary, and our dedicated staff are here to guide you throughout the entire process. We also offer many financing options to help make LASIK more affordable than ever. Call our LASIK Coordinator today at 812-424-2020 to schedule your free consultation and learn more today! We Care, You'll See.

Home Eye Safety

sgeorges@TalleyEyeInstitute.com (Stephanie Georges) — Thu, 30 Sep 2021 13:58:18 GMT

There may be some unexpected risks lurking in and around your home

October is Home Eye Safety Month. For most, there are only certain tasks that would remind us to use eye protection. However, there are many hazards that lurk in and around your home that could be putting your eyes at risk. In this blog we’ll evaluate some potential dangers and how to avoid them.

Acanthamoeba

Acanthamoeba, according to the CDC, is a microscopic amoeba (single-celled living organism) that can cause rare, but severe infections of the eye, skin, and central nervous system. Acanthamoeba is found in water and soil and can be spread through contact lens use, cuts, skin wounds, or inhaled.

Potential Sources

As corneal specialists, we have seen patients infected with acanthamoeba who have come into contact with the microorganism through various common activities. For instance, dirty/stagnant water, cleaning sidewalks or siding using hoses, power washers, or anything that could cause spray, debris, or splash-back. Well water that is untreated can also be a source of the amoeba as is mud, dirt, natural bodies or water, and even pool/spa water.

How to Avoid

When planning to do any exterior cleaning, it is recommended to always wear eye protection that could block splash, mist, or debris. In addition, it’s best to always remove contact lenses (with clean hands!) and clean them thoroughly after doing any such task. Never, ever, store contact lenses in well water, tap water, or old saline solution. If you’re able, it is always best to avoid contact lens wear if swimming (especially in lakes or rivers) or in a spa.

Common Household Chemicals

Potential Sources

Most cleaning solutions used in and around the home come with clearly stated warnings regarding potential dangers if ingested or if introduced into the eyes. While it may be easy enough to avoid spraying something directly into your eyes, it’s best to try to avoid any potential for splash when it comes to dumping dirty water or chemicals; whether that’s while discarding them or even while introducing chemicals into a solution, pool, etc.

How to Avoid

You’ll find us saying this often throughout this blog post, but eye protection! When doing a large or particularly dirty/dangerous job or one that could pose risk for splash, put on a pair of goggles or safety glasses. If you ever come into contact with a chemical introduced into the eye, follow the directions listed on the manufacturer’s label or rinse the eye thoroughly with clean water. In addition, it’s best to avoid being in closed spaces with potential eye irritants, be sure your space is well ventilated.

Yard work

Lawn and yard work is typically where most people would commonly use eye protection, but it’s worth mentioning again. The force at which a rock or piece of debris could be expelled from a lawnmower or weed eater is enough to cause serious damage to your eye. In addition, when doing any trimming of trees, shrubs, etc, there is the danger of a branch or piece of debris coming into direct contact with your eye.

How to Avoid

Once again, a good pair or safety goggles (even tinted would be great!) or wrap-around sunglasses are great options to keep your eyes safe while doing the weekly yard work and maintenance. Again, be sure to wash hands before touching your eyes or removing contact lenses after doing any sort of yard work.

Hair Tools & Makeup

Potential Sources

This one may seem odd to mention, but there’s a reason we feel it’s important since we’ve seen some accidents that could have been preventable! Injuries from tools/products can result in burns, lacerations, abrasions, or infections.

How to Avoid

It’s task enough to style your own hair in the mirror but be extra cautious about how close hot or sharp styling tools come to your face and eyes. Also, be sure to throw out expired or old eye makeup products as this can breed and harbor bacteria and even mites!

Power Tools

This may also go without saying, but still worth saying nonetheless. When using any kind of tool, and especially power tools, always use eye protection. Whether it’s welding, sawing, drilling or even jobs as minor as using a wrench, pliers, or screwdriver, always use well-fitted safety glasses or goggles. Accidents are called accidents for a reason, and an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure!

Astigmatism: what is it and how is it treated?

sgeorges@TalleyEyeInstitute.com (Stephanie Georges) — Thu, 22 Jul 2021 17:21:22 GMT

Astigmatism is very common and treated much like being near or farsighted

What is astigmatism?

Simply put, astigmatism is an abnormally shaped eye (either the lens or the cornea). A normal eye is shaped like a basketball, perfectly round and evenly cylindrical. An eye with astigmatism is shaped more like a football, with uneven curvature. When the eye is not normally shaped, light entering the eye isn’t sharply focused, which results in blurry vision. There are two types of astigmatism:

1. Corneal : Corneal astigmatism is the more common type of astigmatism, where the very surface of the eye (where you place a contact lens) is abnormally shaped.

2. Lenticular : Lenticular astigmatism is a distorted lens inside of the eye. The lens sits behind the pupil.

Symptoms

Astigmatism can cause blurry or distorted vision, eye strain, headaches, or squinting. Some people have never known the difference between having fully corrected vision and living with the blurry vision associated with astigmatism. It’s important to have yearly eye exams so that your doctor can properly diagnose and help correct for any prescription your eyes need to see clearly.

How do I know if I have astigmatism?

If you routinely see your eye doctor, any astigmatism you may have in your prescription was likely discussed with you. If you wear contacts and have astigmatism, your contacts are called Toric lenses and are specifically designed for the amount of astigmatism you have. A prescription may have three elements if you have astigmatism:

1. Sphere : measures the amount of nearsightedness (measured with a negative number, like -1.00) or farsightedness (measured with a positive number, like +1.00). The higher the number, the higher your prescription.

2. Cylinder : measures the amount of astigmatism in the eye, can be measured in either negative or positive numbers (depending upon the doctor’s preference).

3. Axis : measures the actual location of the irregularity on the cornea or lens. Axis is measured like degrees of an arc, from 0 to 180 degrees.

A specialist’s office can take detailed scans of your cornea, called topography, which shows the amount and type of astigmatism in your cornea. It also details all elevations and imperfections of the cornea, giving a highly detailed “map”.

How is astigmatism treated?

It is important to understand that astigmatism is both common and normal. Just like someone who is nearsighted (myopic) or farsighted (hyperopic), astigmatism is a refractive error. Often, astigmatism is accompanied by either myopia or hyperopia. Most commonly, astigmatism is corrected with either contact lenses (Toric lenses) or glasses. However, many people don’t realize that corneal astigmatism can be treated easily with LASIK. Astigmatism, along with myopia or hyperopia can all be treated at the same time during a LASIK procedure.

Presbyopia: understanding your eye's natural aging process

sgeorges@TalleyEyeInstitute.com (Stephanie Georges) — Thu, 20 May 2021 20:47:43 GMT

Are bifocals my only option?

What is presbyopia?

Presbyopia is the term used to describe the natural aging of your eye’s lens which is inside the eye. In youth, the eye’s lens is able to bend and flex in order to accommodate for vision at all distances (for instance, looking at a magazine, then looking up and across the room). As we age, the lens becomes stiffer and less flexible. Eventually, this same lens will develop a cataract. This is a normal, and expected part of aging.

Symptoms

Typically, in the mid-to-late 40’s, patients will begin to notice difficulty with near tasks. They may feel their “arms aren’t long enough” as they must hold things further away to see them, have difficulty reading up close, or even need to remove their glasses to read. Most people will develop the need for reading glasses during this process and over time may require stronger reading power built into their glasses or bifocals.

Treatment

Reading glasses or bifocals

The most common way to treat presbyopia is with reading glasses or bifocals. This is the easiest (and cheapest) method of managing presbyopia. Adapting to a bifocal can sometimes take time but allows patients to have their reading power built into their regular prescription glasses. A cheaper alternative is often buying a cheap pair of OTC readers from the pharmacy or retail department store.

Monovision

Some patients who are not interested in wearing glasses may choose the option for monovision. Monovision involves wearing corrective contact lenses built to allow the dominant eye to have distance vision ability and the weaker eye to have reading ability. Monovision is not for everyone and requires the brain to adjust during a process called neuroadaptation. Some patients do not like having each eye performing a different task, but some adjust well. Many optometrists will allow for a monovision “trial” before setting a patient’s contact lenses for monovision.

Lens replacement or cataract surgery with specialty lenses

The most definitive treatment for presbyopia is replacing the eye’s natural lens, via surgery. The natural lens is removed, and a new lens is placed inside the eye. There are several options available to choose from when replacing the lens, but only a few that treat presbyopia. These lenses are referred to as “multifocal intra-ocular lenses” (IOL), and allow for vision near, far, and at intermediate distances. Premium lens options can help a patient be less dependent on glasses for most tasks, but some reading glasses may be needed for assistance depending upon the task.

It is important to note, that when there is no cataract present to cloud the lens and cause visual disturbances, insurance does not cover this procedure. Cataract surgery itself is covered by insurance, but any specialty lenses that treat presbyopia are considered “cosmetic” and out-of-pocket. Your surgeon will help you understand your lens options, whether you are a candidate, and expected outcomes based on your individual lifestyle and goals.

Symptomatic floaters: what are they and how are they treated?

sgeorges@TalleyEyeInstitute.com (Stephanie Georges) — Thu, 22 Apr 2021 18:39:43 GMT

Most floaters are very common and treated with a minimally invasive procedure

What are floaters?

Floaters most commonly appear as lines, specks, or “cobwebs” that seem to float around in and out of your line of vision. They seem to be floating in front of the eye but floaters actually occur on the inside of the eye, and are tiny clumps of cells, blood, or gel that float inside the vitreous (or gel) that fills the eye. Floaters are most often noticed when looking at a blank screen, wall, or the sky. In some cases, these floaters begin to interfere with vision and performing daily tasks like driving or reading.

What causes floaters and who is at risk?

The vitreous (gel) is attached to the retina. With age, the vitreous begins to pull away from the retina, resulting in a posterior vitreous detachment, which is normal, and the most common cause for floaters. Other causes for floaters include:
-Nearsightedness

-Retinal detachment or tear

-Inflammation within the eye

-Vitreous hemorrhage

-Trauma

How are floaters diagnosed?

The best and most reliable way to diagnose floaters is via dilated examination. Various imaging techniques, including OCT (optical coherence tomography), B-scan ultrasound, and retinal photography also help in visualizing and diagnosing floaters.

What treatment is available for floaters?

Treatment options vary depending upon patient’s symptoms, complaints, and clinical findings. Not all floaters require treatment if they do not threaten vision or impair a patient’s lifestyle. However, some patients have floaters that require surgical removal. These patients tend to have issues with floaters impeding vision required for necessary tasks like reading or driving.
When treatment is deemed necessary, a vitrectomy is performed. A vitrectomy is a minimally invasive, sutureless, outpatient procedure which involves the removal of nearly all the vitreous inside the eye, which removes these symptomatic floaters. Both Dr. Sommerville and Dr. Strand remove floaters at our convenient outpatient surgery center located adjacent to our main office. A common procedure, both doctors perform them on a weekly basis.

Dangers of eye rubbing, and how to avoid it

Thu, 25 Mar 2021 20:36:18 GMT

How to avoid the common issue of eye rubbing

‘Tis the season for sniffing, sneezing, and itching. Along with the beauties of spring, we have the inevitable onset of seasonal allergies and all the delightful symptoms that brings. Eye rubbing is such a common occurrence this time of year but can wreak havoc on your eyes for many reasons.

• First off, we always urge people to keep hands away from the eyes because rubbing can actually deform, or warp your corneas. Eye rubbing is one of the leading causes of a sight-threatening disease called Keratoconus. More on that topic soon!

• GERMS! Your hands carry more germs than any other part of your body and rubbing the eyes can spread those germs and lead to infection.

• With airborne pollen and allergens this time of year from blooming trees and flora, it’s easy to get a foreign body in your eye. If you rub when there is something in your eye it can lead to corneal abrasions or other corneal damage.

But how do I stop rubbing, you may ask. Rubbing the eyes is so common that we often don’t even realize we’re doing it! Here are some quick tips and tricks to help prevent rubbing.

• If there is ever something in your eye, flush the eye with saline solution or artificial tears. Don’t try to pick it out with your fingers or rub the eye. You can also try gently lifting the lid and rolling your eye around a bit, then dabbing gently in the corner of your eye with a clean tissue.

• Keep your eyes well lubricated with a good quality artificial tear. Anything that claims to “get the red out” is not good for your eyes, avoid these types of drops.

• If you have seasonal allergies, talk with your optometrist about a good allergy drop that can help alleviate the itchiness.

• Wear a good set of sunglasses outside. Always a good idea, but it may also help with keeping your hands away from your eyes when outdoors.

• If you wear contact lenses, be sure you remove them daily to clean them and allow the eye to “breathe”. Never sleep in your contacts and always change them out according to schedule.

iStent inject W offers hope for those with glaucoma and cataracts

sgeorges@TalleyEyeInstitute.com (Stephanie Georges) — Mon, 09 Nov 2020 20:16:11 GMT

Micro-bypass system treats glaucoma and cataracts

The iStent is a trabecular micro-bypass system implanted at the time of cataract surgery to treat mild-to-moderate primary open-angle glaucoma. The surgeons at Talley Eye Institute began using the original iStent in 2017, upgrading to the iStent Inject in 2019, and finally to the latest iStent inject W in 2020. Dr. Dwight Silvera was the first to implant the iStent inject W in the region.

Representing the next generation of the trabecular micro-bypass technology, the iStent inject W provides greater stability of the stent, a more streamlined procedure with better procedural predictability. The iStent inject W is built on a solid, dependable foundation of proven efficacy and safety in thousands of eyes worldwide to reduce eye pressure in adult patients with both cataracts and mild-to-moderate primary open-angle glaucoma. “With iStent inject W, we now have an advanced option that not only effectively manages eye pressure associated with glaucoma but may also reduce our patients’ reliance on glaucoma medication,” said Dr. Silvera.

The iStent inject W stents are one of the smallest medical devices known to be implanted in the human body. When inserted into the eye, these tiny stents create two bypasses, or openings, between the front part of the eye and its natural drainage passageway, restoring the eye’s natural ability to drain fluid. For patients managing their glaucoma with medication and are now preparing for cataract surgery, the iStent inject W may be an ideal option. Talk with your doctor to learn if iStent inject W is right for you.

Cataracts: what are they and what are my options?

sgeorges@TalleyEyeInstitute.com (Stephanie Georges) — Tue, 30 Jun 2020 14:00:24 GMT

Learn about your lens options with cataract surgery and what to expect

What is a cataract?

A cataract is a clouding of the eye’s natural lens. The human lens is transparent so that light can travel through it easily. Many factors combine as we age to cause areas in the lens to become cloudy, hard, and dense. The lens can then no longer transmit a clear picture to the retina where it can be processed and sent through the optic nerve to the brain. Some conditions may cause cataracts to form more quickly: ocular injury, other eye surgeries such as retinal surgery, diabetes, systemic inflammatory conditions, and some systemic medications such as steroids.

What are the symptoms of cataracts?

• Blurry vision

• Double vision

• Light sensitivity

• Difficulty seeing at night

• Glares, halos around lights

• Colors seem “dull” or yellow

How do you treat cataracts?

The only treatment for a visually significant cataract is surgery. However, it’s safe to wait on surgery until your life and daily activities are limited due to cataract symptoms. Yearly dilated eye exams along with discussion with your eye doctor can help you determine when it’s time to discuss surgery.

What’s involved with surgery?

During cataract surgery, the cloudy natural lens is removed through a tiny self-sealing incision and replaced with an artificial intraocular lens implant (IOL). Cataract surgery is performed on an outpatient basis and most commonly under topical anesthesia, which means there are no needles or injections around the eye and no need to wear a patch over the eye postoperatively. The replacement IOL is chosen to fit your individual eye size and shape based on measurements taken before surgery. The type and power of the IOL will determine your need for glasses after surgery. In most cases, patients will experience both improved vision as well as less dependence on glasses than before the procedure. There are many types of IOLs now available. Our doctors will help you decide upon the right IOL for your lifestyle.

What are my options for lens replacement?

Monofocal lens

A standard, or monofocal lens, has a single point of focus which is usually set for distance vision only. Patients will need to wear glasses, especially for near vision.

Toric lens

Toric lenses are designed to help deliver better vision for patients with astigmatism compared to a monofocal lens. These lenses help reduce dependency on glasses for distance but readers will be required.

Multi-focal and Extended-Depth of Focus (EDOF) lenses

A multifocal IOL is essentially a trifocal lens that splits light into three distinct focal points; distance, intermediate, and near ranges. This technology corrects several things at once; cataracts, near or farsightedness, presbyopia and astigmatism (this technology has a Toric version) thereby helping to reduce or eliminate the need for glasses after cataract surgery.

Much like the multifocal IOL, the extended depth of focus IOL corrects nearsightedness (myopia), farsightedness (hyperopia) and astigmatism. The technology creates an elongated field of focus which allows for three points of focus, distance, intermediate and functional near vision. The difference between the multifocal and EDOF is that the reading range is slightly more limited, but the EDOF IOLs have reduced risk for nighttime side effects like glares and halo as well as have slightly improved contrast compared to the multifocal IOL.

I think I’m ready for cataract surgery, what should I do now?

If you are established with an optometrist, ask for a referral to one of our highly qualified and experienced cataract surgeons at Talley Eye Institute. If you don’t have an optometrist, feel free to call our office to schedule a consultation. At that visit, our team and doctors will do all the necessary testing and examinations to determine the best plan for your individual eyes. Come see us at Talley Eye Institute, where we care, you’ll see!

COVID-19, our response

sgeorges@TalleyEyeInstitute.com (Stephanie Georges) — Wed, 25 Mar 2020 20:16:14 GMT

Our response to protect our patients and staff

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, please see below the precautions and protocols that have been put into place at our offices:

-We will ONLY see appointments deemed urgent or emergent. ALL other appointments are being rescheduled for the next several weeks.

- ALL staff AND patients will be screened for fever, and anyone found to have an elevated temperature will be sent home and instructed to consult with primary or urgent care.

PLEASE DO NOT ENTER our facility if you have been exposed to someone suspected of having COVID-19 or if you have ANY of the following symptoms:

- fever

- cough

- fatigue

- shortness of breath

- As many office staff as possible are being moved to remote work duties. This may affect the efficiency of our schedulers and some other remote services.

- ALL elective surgeries have been postponed indefinitely. Emergency surgeries will continue as needed.

- There will be sanitizing stations available within our office for patients to clean their hands.

-All equipment in our office is sanitized after every patient exposure. In addition, our waiting room furniture will be sanitized regularly throughout the day.

-Designated waiting areas have been created to separate areas of the building and limit the amount of individual exposure for both patients and staff.

Introducing Lipiflow

Wed, 07 Feb 2018 22:23:32 GMT

Introducing Lipiflow

An estimated 20 million Americans suffer from dry eye and according to a 2012 study1, 86% of those with dry eye also have symptoms of Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD). While the two are separate conditions, they typically go hand-in-hand and often overlap. The Meibomian glands are small glands that line the rim of the eyelid near the lashes that secrete an oily substance called meibum which is one of the critical components of tear film that helps prevent our tears from evaporating too quickly. Once there are decreased oils in the tear film it will likely have an effect on the ocular surface, leading to evaporate dry eye disease.

Common symptoms of MGD include:

Burning
Dryness
Blurred vision
Excess tears
Scratchy/gritty sensation
Red, itchy eyes
Tired, puffy eyes

Most dry eye treatments provide only short-term symptom relief but may not fully address the root cause of dryness, which in most cases is MGD. Previously MGD has been rather hard to treat, until now, with the introduction of a new, breakthrough, FDA-approved treatment called Lipiflow®. This simple, in-office procedure uses cutting-edge thermal pulsation (heated massage) to help clear blockages in the Meibomian glands in just 12 minutes! As a non-pharmaceutical, therapeutic approach, Lipiflow® helps clear gland blockages, improves gland function2 and production of the necessary oils in the protective lipid layer of the tear film.

Talley Eye Institute is proud to be the first practice in Evansville to offer Lipiflow®.

So what’s involved with the Lipiflow® procedure? Once your doctor has determined you may be a candidate, our team at Talley Eye Institute will evaluate your eyes and Meibomian glands via the Lipiscan® imaging device and a Meibomian gland evaluator (MGE) which will evaluate both the structure and function of your glands to provide a “gland score”. Your gland score will help the doctor determine the appearance, structure and function of your glands as well as whether or not there has been any gland loss or structural change. When MGD is present and not treated, glands can atrophy which can cause serious, long-term complications which is why early intervention is key.

If treatment is recommended, the patient is advanced to our Lipiflow® lounge where treatment is administered in a spa-like atmosphere. Sterile, single-use applicators safely and effectively deliver therapeutic massage to the outer lid and heat to the inner lids to remove gland blockages. The activators are designed to safely and effectively protect the delicate structures of the eyes. While the patient should expect to feel great immediately following treatment, maximum results are typically experienced between six and eight weeks following Lipiflow® treatment.

If you struggle with dry eyes, ask your doctor about Lipiflow®.

“It was noninvasive, and I was able to just relax—it reminded me of being at a spa," says Ashley McEvoy, Company Group Chairman, Johnson & Johnson Vision and Johnson & Johnson Diabetes Care Companies, who underwent LipiFlow® herself.

1Lemp MA, Crews LA, Bron AJ, Foulks GN, Sullivan BD. Distribution of aqueous deficient and evaporative dry eye in a clinic based patient cohort: a retrospective study. Cornea. 2012; 31(5):472-478.

2Blackie CA, Carlson AN, Korb, DR. Treatment for meibomian gland dysfunction and dry eye symptoms with a single-dose vectored thermal pulsation: a review. Current opinion in Ophthalmol. 2015; 26(4): 306-13.

Meet The Bostons-Their Surgical Experience!

Tue, 09 Jan 2018 22:13:31 GMT

Meet The Bostons-Their Surgical Experience!

Surgery day for the Bostons was exciting! The morning began with reviewing consent forms and post-operative instructions, then Donnie was up first for his procedure. Each LASIK patient is administered a light oral sedative to help them relax and take the edge off any anxiety, it also helps with a post-op nap! Donnie looked terrific in his surgical bonnet and was walked back to the suite personally by Dr. Silvera who reviewed his treatment plan with him before beginning. The procedure begins by administering topical numbing drops after which point the patient is positioned beneath the femtosecond laser which creates the corneal flap. This is the more lengthy part of the procedure and can take several seconds per eye. A small suction device is placed over the eye to hold it still and steady as the laser makes the flap. Once this has been done to each eye, the bed gently swivels over to the second laser, the excimer laser, which treats the prescription. More numbing drops are administered on the way over to the second laser and treatment plan is once again confirmed with the doctor and laser technician. A small tool is used to gently lift the hinged corneal flap and lay it over to the side so treatment can begin. Donnie was asked to look directly at a green light and his prescription was corrected in seconds! The final part of the procedure involves gently laying the corneal flap down into its original position and smoothing it out. Afterwards, the patient is able to sit up and head to the recovery room to once again review post-operative instructions. Both Donnie and Alicia were already able to tell an improvement in their vision immediately after surgery, especially Alicia after her high near-sighted prescription was eliminated! Patients are given a pair of sunglasses to wear all weekend long to prevent accidental bumping or rubbing of the eyes. A few hours after surgery, Dr. Silvera sees each patient to ensure they are doing well. Just hours after their procedures, both Donnie and Alicia were seeing 20/20!

Check out the photos from their procedures to include a look inside our brand new surgery suite at Valley Surgery Center!

Meet The Bostons, Updated!

Mon, 04 Dec 2017 22:00:50 GMT

Meet The Bostons, Updated!

Following their complimentary consultations, Donnie & Alicia wasted no time in booking their LASIK procedures! They scheduled their procedures within days of their initial visits and surgery took place just before Christmas, allowing them to enjoy their first holiday together FREE from glasses and contacts!!

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Meet Donnie and Alicia Boston, two Evansville natives who have worn glasses and contacts for a combined total of 55 years (wow!) and made the decision for LASIK with Dr. Silvera at Talley Eye Institute. The Bostons have agreed to allow us to follow them on their journey and plan on checking in with us and our followers to share with others how easy, rewarding, and worthwhile LASIK is for our patients!

Alicia is a full-time mom and PTA President at Highland Elementary School. When she’s not busy running her two young children to sports and school events, you’ll find her working hard on school fundraisers and event-planning. Alicia has a high, near-sighted prescription and without her glasses she’d be in a tough situation and left with vision that would render her nearly incapacitated. For Alicia, the decision for LASIK was not one she took lightly. As a frugal mother of two, she budgets carefully and researches options tediously. LASIK will truly be a life-changing procedure for Alicia.

Donnie is a full-time sales manager, his job involves daily travel and interactions with customers. In his free time, he enjoys hunting and coaching his kids’ sports teams so improving his vision with LASIK would really allow to him to enjoy quite a bit more freedom. “I hate dealing with contacts, I want to wake up and be able to go”. Donnie is on the other end of the spectrum with a near-sighted prescription and astigmatism, all treatable with LASIK!

Stay tuned for updates on the Bostons as they undergo their LASIK procedures and experience an exclusive look inside our surgery suite!

Keratoconus; A Big Word With A Big Impact On Vision

Thu, 02 Nov 2017 20:57:46 GMT

Keratoconus; A Big Word With A Big Impact On Vision

Keratoconus, sometimes referred to as “KC”, is a progressive eye condition in which the cornea weakens and thins over time causing the typically round, dome-shaped cornea to develop a cone-like bulge that produces optical irregularities affecting vision. Keratoconus typically appears in individuals who are in their late teens or early twenties and affects an estimated one in two thousand persons in the United States. Early symptoms include; blurring or distortion of vision, increased eye rubbing, increased sensitivity to light and frequent changes in prescription or the inability to effectively correct vision with prescription glasses. The exact cause for keratoconus is unknown though some research indicates that a hereditary component may have an impact on developing the condition.

The cornea is responsible for focusing most of the light that comes into the eye. Therefore, abnormalities of the cornea, such as keratoconus, can have a major impact on how an individual sees the world. Progressive keratoconus can result in significant visual loss and in severe cases, can lead to the need for corneal transplant. Early detection and diagnosis are critical in the treatment of keratoconus to prevent the disease from progressing and worsening vision.

Up until recently, there weren’t many treatment options available for progressive keratoconus. While wearing rigid gas permeable (RGP) contact lenses is an available treatment option, because of the cornea’s irregular shape, these lenses can be very challenging to fit. This process often requires a great deal of time and patience.

Corneal Crosslinking is the only FDA approved therapeutic option to limit the progression of keratoconus. Crosslinking combines the use of ultra-violet (UV) light and riboflavin (vitamin B2) eye drops. The procedure works by creating new corneal collagen cross-links, which results in a shortening and thickening of collagen fibrils that leads to stiffening of the cornea. Crosslinking, which has been performed in Europe since 2003 and Canada since 2008, is considered the standard of care around the world for treating keratoconus.

Less Crosslinking (Weaker)

More Crosslinking (Stronger)

Talley Eye Institute is the first practice in the Tri-State area that is treating keratoconus using the FDA approved Corneal Crosslinking procedure. Dwight Silvera, MD, FRCSC, DABO, performs Corneal Crosslinking and began performing the procedure in Canada in 2009. If you or a loved one have been diagnosed with keratoconus or are at risk (family history), it’s imperative to find a qualified ophthalmologist to manage and treat the condition. Call today if you’d like more information or to schedule an evaluation with Dr. Silvera, 812-424-2020.

The Diabetic Eye

Sun, 01 Oct 2017 21:18:14 GMT

The Diabetic Eye

Diabetes is a disease that occurs when the pancreas does not secrete enough insulin or the body is unable to process it properly. Insulin is the hormone that regulates the level of sugar (glucose) in the blood. The disease can wreak havoc on the body and its organs, including the eyes. Patients with diabetes are more likely to develop eye problems such as cataracts, glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and macular edema. Diabetic retinopathy is the main threat to vision.

Over time, diabetes affects the circulatory system of the retina. The earliest phase of the disease is known as background diabetic retinopathy. In this phase, the arteries in the retina become weakened and leak, forming small, dot-like hemorrhages. These leaking vessels often lead to swelling or edema in the retina and decreased vision.

The next stage is known as proliferative diabetic retinopathy. In this stage, circulation problems cause areas of the retina to become oxygen-deprived or ischemic. New fragile vessels develop as the circulatory system attempts to maintain adequate oxygen levels within the retina. This is called neovascularization. Unfortunately, these delicate vessels hemorrhage easily. Blood may leak into the retina and vitreous, causing spots or floaters, along with decreased vision.

In the later phases of the disease, continued abnormal vessel growth and scar tissue may cause serious problems such as retinal detachment and glaucoma.

The effect of diabetic retinopathy on vision varies widely, depending on the stage of the disease. Some common symptoms of diabetic retinopathy are listed below, however, diabetes may cause other eye symptoms.

Blurred vision (this is often linked to blood sugar levels)
Floaters and flashes
Sudden loss of vision

The diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy is made following a detailed examination of the retina with an ophthalmoscope. Most patients with diabetic retinopathy are referred to vitreo-retinal surgeons who specialize in treating this disease. Diabetic retinopathy is treated in many ways depending on the stage of the disease and the specific problem that requires attention.

It’s important to manage your diabetes with the help of an internist or an endocrinologist along with a qualified ophthalmologist. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle; including managing blood sugars and keeping A1C in check along with routine monitoring with your eye doctor are the best ways to help preserve your best vision while living with diabetes.

At Talley Eye Institute, we offer the benefit of having multiple specialties under one roof; from consultative optometry to comprehensive ophthalmology, vitreo-retinal and glaucoma treatment to cataract surgery. Our team of board-certified ophthalmologists are highly skilled and experienced in treating diabetic eye diseases. If you are living with diabetes and haven’t yet become established with an eye doctor, give us a call today to schedule an exam.

Corneal Crosslinking

Sat, 16 Sep 2017 21:16:05 GMT

Corneal Crosslinking

Friday, September 15, was an eventful day at Talley Eye Institute. Dr. Dwight Silvera became the first physician in the Tristate area to perform Corneal Crosslinking Therapy for the treatment of progressive keratoconus. We are excited to offer the first and only FDA approved crosslinking therapy in the area!

Solar Eclipse On August 21

Tue, 01 Aug 2017 21:08:40 GMT

Solar Eclipse On August 21

On Monday, August 21, a total solar eclipse will sweep over North America. The tristate area will be a prime location, as Hopkinsville, Kentucky is the site where the best view of the eclipse will occur. This is a once-in-a-lifetime event, but it comes with its own set of dangers. Looking directly at the eclipse can permanently damage your eyesight. Below are some links on how you can safely watch the eclipse.